xmrchain.net & Explore.Moneroworld.com

(no javascript - no cookies - no web analytics trackers - no images - open sourced)

Solo mine on your own blockchain to support the monero network!

Public Node Directory || Monero Block Frequency Tool || Monero Website || Make Monero Better!

Monero Testnet Explorer || Monero Stagenet Explorer

i2p links: exchanged.i2p , Local Monero (lm.i2p)

Why so ugly? Monero FAQ

Moneroblocks Explorer || Monerohash explorer || Map of Monero Network

For a pretty version of this explorer with javascript || A note on/for services

NOTE: This explorer actively tests beta software in production. If it crashes, hooray! We found a bug! Please find a backup explorer for these instances.

The most up to date software for Monero are version: CLI v0.18.3.3, GUI v0.18.3.3

If you need to use a remote node, you should set up your own. Good guide for setting up a remote node.

High Fee Bug. Remote nodes can increase your tx fees. Double check before sending. Run your own node.

Autorefresh is OFF

Tx hash: 06bc7b36001a74f9dd47084dc08f15577e5428997df09ae6db25ae3e55ca1eb7

Tx prefix hash: 64fd1ed70ef4f0b100820cb5770fd2ac7c6aa96f07d3bfffddef873546f3fcde
Tx public key: 745874f6d27dd7d868ec5f00a96177d368a58cddcf30bf5c0b770e5f87e92b51
Payment id (encrypted): 5ea610fb2f212f5a
Timestamp: 1635014486 Timestamp [UTC]: 2021-10-23 18:41:26 Age [y:d:h:m:s]: 02:196:23:18:19
Block: 2477453 Fee (per_kB): 0.000229740000 (0.000042296613) Tx size: 5.4316 kB
Tx version: 2 No of confirmations: 666432 RingCT/type: yes/5
Extra: 01745874f6d27dd7d868ec5f00a96177d368a58cddcf30bf5c0b770e5f87e92b510209015ea610fb2f212f5a

2 output(s) for total of ? xmr

stealth address amount amount idx tag
00: 1fc1fbf81dd36789648cf12250a938e631296ba4cd688389f9b006b420004422 ? 41255973 of 100605074 -
01: f8dd0a6f0f972d44147fc76bf2ff6e67fc96499fe84a47fe52ed175fed68594d ? 41255974 of 100605074 -

Check which outputs belong to given Monero address/subaddress and viewkey

For RingCT transactions, outputs' amounts are also decoded
Note: address/subaddress and viewkey are sent to the server, as the calculations are done on the server side



Prove to someone that you have sent them Monero in this transaction

Tx private key can be obtained using get_tx_key command in monero-wallet-cli command line tool
Note: address/subaddress and tx private key are sent to the server, as the calculations are done on the server side



Inputs' ring size time scale (from 2021-07-28 12:29:00 till 2021-10-23 19:05:48; resolution: 0.51 days)

  • |_*_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*________*__________________*_________*____*__*_*|
  • |________________*________________________________________________________________________________________________*_________________*____________________________*_______**|
  • |_________________________*_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*__________________*___*___*_**|
  • |_____________________________________________________________________________*______________________________________________________________*_________*____*_______*__*_**|
  • |______________________________________________________________________________________________________*_______*___________________________*______________*___*____**_____*|
  • |_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*____*___**___*__**|
  • |___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________***_***|
  • |___________________________________________________________________*______________________________________________________*__________________*_____________________**_*_**|
  • |_____________________________________________________________________________________*_______________________________________________________________________*__*_____*_**|

9 input(s) for total of ? xmr

key image 00: c23ff516e7bbc42b80435347f5e4d837be9afaa7db1a2b24e1ef7762e0e2d547 amount: ?
ring members blk ring size in/out timestamp age [y:d:h:m:s]
- 00: 5e31c83f1c4f027b1688cf90f9898527f738d49ab54b880f205241f707505b76 02414684 11 1/3 2021-07-28 13:29:00 02:284:04:30:45
- 01: 44726013836a51ab1f9c49d35f4faf09ff0caa3b239dc3ec17368c9d4370a682 02459350 11 1/2 2021-09-28 15:10:16 02:222:02:49:29
- 02: 515c9e543cd99ced3aad387b1d09210fb9ee1cf667df7cf71df8d38a19c7454f 02462910 11 1/7 2021-10-03 13:57:03 02:217:04:02:42
- 03: 1271d6092a9c823e9bcf222160696e212e1e0dfa212eb484657ae01ea124acb2 02469986 11 1/2 2021-10-13 10:57:37 02:207:07:02:08
- 04: 8a6e3ce2504029ce2b230e6d379b73479e409a01f3d48b5c9c585979096389aa 02473685 11 1/2 2021-10-18 14:17:59 02:202:03:41:46
- 05: a1953b4f5a70b05fbb8dfe7849934a18d875d7b3bcc83c1142aa6596587af410 02475392 11 1/7 2021-10-20 22:40:28 02:199:19:19:17
- 06: acc7fc27a14c647842148f93733696ab312103c9e82ce97b3d91dd3ecae1fc83 02476620 11 1/2 2021-10-22 15:36:48 02:198:02:22:57
- 07: c57b43357e7627b62d385122652b2556d7846a8bb8aa9430ce7ab6483e32609e 02477346 11 1/2 2021-10-23 15:31:29 02:197:02:28:16
- 08: 8b02937be1ed01eec74a8f943bd33ce68a5d0837f00197859f8276c65da741db 02477376 11 2/2 2021-10-23 16:19:17 02:197:01:40:28
- 09: f30e5af042f5c00f469a9f23c9032072242473c36795780671e98243b41c8b09 02477416 11 2/2 2021-10-23 17:27:01 02:197:00:32:44
- 10: 11f35837491d30f787013faf4c0a40529224dfc4bf0c2e2d60fc6400446f3f5e 02477420 11 1/2 2021-10-23 17:33:30 02:197:00:26:15
key image 01: 885e22aa69b39e2928a869b63d9b4ed84aba6f84206bcc7fd379e06e6390a1b4 amount: ?
ring members blk ring size in/out timestamp age [y:d:h:m:s]
- 00: 3ba575a40a38dc494659b4b4b63a77fdb0611e976ae96bc53ebc9f166bcce680 02420444 11 2/16 2021-08-05 12:46:34 02:276:05:13:11
- 01: 07d2f956657be7ab36cea3923dfa6ed09a9305febecec8d1407be41ff0aa1eee 02456588 11 2/2 2021-09-24 20:17:53 02:225:21:41:52
- 02: a836883d9c5b1ba58b01cbfa3417afa0754a9cea11385a8baabc544e21e2afc5 02463218 11 1/2 2021-10-04 00:33:45 02:216:17:26:00
- 03: 9b8f7130be9d84cd9d685d6bf6b132081106abb5e5b9978db81cf0905b5d822d 02473829 11 15/2 2021-10-18 18:54:24 02:201:23:05:21
- 04: f967ad0643bb49c79cdca605ace41e079acd23a9e43143cee2daf67ba6a6229c 02473879 11 1/2 2021-10-18 20:33:18 02:201:21:26:27
- 05: 163c4a9ed09e6baa924c84c88686d7b77b6a6c67d18630469aeacc813291ba0d 02476830 11 1/2 2021-10-22 22:10:04 02:197:19:49:41
- 06: e03a2d2fa0f214a3a1f33ba1ff9e03fee383f9ea4efd4f9bee0cead5747eb654 02476969 11 2/2 2021-10-23 02:21:13 02:197:15:38:32
- 07: 8d4db6b0c9a646b4d883aef846c1a170d1024839dfb76cd15d578a3d70994f06 02477404 11 1/2 2021-10-23 17:06:19 02:197:00:53:26
- 08: f77fff7f3c9b8f8c390262d6a96f92a69ac5089dfbe41189bbfba7bc3165f943 02477423 11 1/2 2021-10-23 17:35:54 02:197:00:23:51
- 09: d097c7d310d9472ba4b86527c2622d71030b56d71dd2d08fe5664a1d1056ce86 02477428 11 2/2 2021-10-23 17:44:33 02:197:00:15:12
- 10: d80984b977be3b1d76649d9853aefe3aa152140964be70840da4b75328cead3f 02477441 11 1/2 2021-10-23 18:05:48 02:196:23:53:57
key image 02: 87dfebc725d57759c89c2030f4866a29bed6a63d6f28c717167278668db5963d amount: ?
ring members blk ring size in/out timestamp age [y:d:h:m:s]
- 00: 4249d9ddad8b9f90e38fbf5485addea7f03f9aad455f3e78b7a68d21708248e3 02423768 11 2/2 2021-08-10 03:54:21 02:271:14:05:24
- 01: 81e5063a3467d9e2c6db8bba904309a4ab524a2f8751cdf5d34e6808755bb116 02466130 11 2/2 2021-10-08 00:57:25 02:212:17:02:20
- 02: 14256832bcb495b7c4e635ce66254f9aebd542274e9a08861b3cfd3d1e9c4c01 02473181 11 1/2 2021-10-17 21:33:42 02:202:20:26:03
- 03: 07a2f328bc41d988f8e38c6d1843cb2911a0668ebf4beff2c1e73f86e274255d 02474550 11 2/16 2021-10-19 18:35:29 02:200:23:24:16
- 04: 77ecc813067ae3dff36b42de2e0cf48ac152269fcec23fadb21e35900c558baf 02476094 11 1/16 2021-10-21 22:02:46 02:198:19:56:59
- 05: ca9b1ce4e1191a77f7c15c1d596fa3a878ba8e5fc09585a9f2b1f7ec0156260f 02476809 11 1/2 2021-10-22 21:37:12 02:197:20:22:33
- 06: ff2e0b32386aa6be715eb0c4e71204839ab7d8a22185ec4c238d8a1de31cf97f 02477122 11 38/2 2021-10-23 07:49:11 02:197:10:10:34
- 07: 56c1806ff22e2023623f2bfee2ece224ea19d788af53fb6ba419941926be34fa 02477178 11 2/2 2021-10-23 09:58:13 02:197:08:01:32
- 08: 2b89cf048a85ed0b8d3ec40ee4d181269f4a5dca74bcb2c82eb283695d2397bb 02477239 11 1/2 2021-10-23 12:13:35 02:197:05:46:10
- 09: ad7dfd5746c7db727211184dbd65c92ed75a7a4e2a586411821ecd80e477a868 02477335 11 2/2 2021-10-23 15:04:16 02:197:02:55:29
- 10: a7c09311ebc7800be92197fb0e5d5d91b3221289bfbb573cb7dc1cdc442b69f8 02477351 11 26/2 2021-10-23 15:39:13 02:197:02:20:32
key image 03: 852f9234f3d91ad6e90ce0e8e17acf2d2708fde2b9b20bb13f881bd305b1bf87 amount: ?
ring members blk ring size in/out timestamp age [y:d:h:m:s]
- 00: 2106c98469b98156cc0a626a54da4f44b521f70d7a8e6d54ffa19b8c78492327 02443248 11 1/2 2021-09-06 04:28:36 02:244:13:31:09
- 01: 91037d19585e4a44eda7d53e6f824d30f93aae1f11c710531b335c404fbc5238 02466577 11 2/2 2021-10-08 17:10:27 02:212:00:49:18
- 02: 34bff1adfd6ba083513a5f88c63bf675c3e2e62b6e19c39ae9fedc88a1f4aced 02470255 11 1/2 2021-10-13 19:49:28 02:206:22:10:17
- 03: 8da182e172899165d400e660d93e622fc78990c21686176f0a6002dd8448115c 02472157 11 1/2 2021-10-16 10:12:26 02:204:07:47:19
- 04: cd9ca4cbed143b24065353536357b832d42acd48295eefdc189efcd79e849346 02474895 11 2/2 2021-10-20 06:15:31 02:200:11:44:14
- 05: 0ec4e57dae439d812425577203e481453cb02206013b3aea5e67abeb6be73d1b 02476305 11 1/2 2021-10-22 04:28:44 02:198:13:31:01
- 06: d1b91fce3401423d777e2c35c37b3f3497f194ccb6f5a9f8b11dd0c263f715f1 02476790 11 1/2 2021-10-22 21:03:31 02:197:20:56:14
- 07: 99d24445bb4005eef9dd6961504c2b3bbb13b0805dc5f3978354f1c14a0f55f9 02476830 11 1/2 2021-10-22 22:10:04 02:197:19:49:41
- 08: 1ff9bf3383f6a1c8f31ef132971d97c35da98f2e7ecdc9bc9bd33d104e6fd412 02476853 11 17/2 2021-10-22 22:47:16 02:197:19:12:29
- 09: f0e0fd5823b0008f2252f349891b9833be3dbedb0f6993e80265921d33ea9d0a 02477298 11 2/2 2021-10-23 13:55:45 02:197:04:04:00
- 10: 8ffe20da589acf200df7628ba97a63bc3473fa357062b7ff36aeef384c96c2b2 02477426 11 1/2 2021-10-23 17:40:30 02:197:00:19:15
key image 04: 800261c2ca1e0313ec9a58a8e8033010c3ba5c103afb610ad1e4be21d7562e8f amount: ?
ring members blk ring size in/out timestamp age [y:d:h:m:s]
- 00: fc06976828dfef2f253d99e423c65b1d9463cb32f0cfdfde2371894fd6de7ccc 02452562 11 2/2 2021-09-19 04:03:23 02:231:13:56:22
- 01: d123925dd05358a15f485b9e1f790c18497d4478d848b0aa02b4998738d05d01 02455189 11 1/2 2021-09-22 19:32:40 02:227:22:27:05
- 02: 52a93e6fb2f16b33b81e026350046e5578329cce932661a61f25f794671a29b5 02465890 11 1/2 2021-10-07 18:20:49 02:212:23:38:56
- 03: f5f4cc435917bbd1ea66a6a6ef7066b83c6c8e9f1dd6229e8a21011e8b0c6285 02471231 11 2/2 2021-10-15 05:14:20 02:205:12:45:25
- 04: 2a3e5457d5e782bc21fabd730e72619b870ae712d87f38ef3b048e446b9dbbab 02472931 11 1/2 2021-10-17 12:52:16 02:203:05:07:29
- 05: d0bd980c08f6933ef9fc8f86f9cafd5d3ff50405d8c8f1fbb778c170f3bd6a96 02472937 11 1/2 2021-10-17 13:02:54 02:203:04:56:51
- 06: 7dd92e4c24198cee3c504085dd7598c06a9d99459256b1aecface40bbe9dd790 02474510 11 2/2 2021-10-19 17:30:06 02:201:00:29:39
- 07: d6754b6af4e2794f361b90f6fe3d9890965529d9aae450fff14b5566c2444c9f 02474868 11 14/2 2021-10-20 05:00:19 02:200:12:59:26
- 08: edce184d8cc5288bfcfb62dd5c04b1053af7967285be7519871c0624d16e23ec 02477240 11 1/2 2021-10-23 12:13:13 02:197:05:46:32
- 09: 110d21cfd00f1cda9a1eb341a48bff629ae8bb72929d2ca58b514604dbfdb644 02477262 11 1/2 2021-10-23 12:51:37 02:197:05:08:08
- 10: 8db11a70a816bf16acb5a4fd7145fcb6969ee71ce19ce7984cc3d577f8ede366 02477331 11 2/2 2021-10-23 14:57:20 02:197:03:02:25
key image 05: 62ccbac0b1bf66b0ae590afadedb31a8420ffc0127c00ae6a7e80c15137a25b8 amount: ?
ring members blk ring size in/out timestamp age [y:d:h:m:s]
- 00: 2e5c73885666f1e0726142abe07d07edf0ead9b5bd3ad1345fefe922fb2ac972 02470430 11 7/2 2021-10-14 01:15:58 02:206:16:43:47
- 01: 4aa49e0ab054baa79a594644726b6ce26d7ae196fc2260a977003e598f3f5aa6 02472285 11 1/2 2021-10-16 15:07:39 02:204:02:52:06
- 02: 1af9ac457cfcfc38a2f40981799d45873d0a02a836e12e86c9652e671acf6042 02473900 11 1/2 2021-10-18 21:12:32 02:201:20:47:13
- 03: 0c5cfb9ae10d02da465ba48ec0a63c9480df4f685d9620e205d36ad33678b0db 02474143 11 3/2 2021-10-19 04:59:09 02:201:13:00:36
- 04: e8b41df1e8decb6d3b5bb9f42ef951413ebdbd1f21d9e1cba9f8900934a597ba 02474260 11 2/2 2021-10-19 09:35:33 02:201:08:24:12
- 05: d0d6206a257923d436ce950462f406d92617e988150d0b4d874b7c168c2731e2 02475647 11 1/2 2021-10-21 06:34:46 02:199:11:24:59
- 06: 2cf4ffc6a99a6e6483d64d2c04ebf2258be4660e4465b15a6bfb17f39daa2299 02476927 11 2/2 2021-10-23 01:16:19 02:197:16:43:26
- 07: 6d670b2d2cc76457b4bb2d65116406e49b21c4758b5571032c2b1a356ec89703 02477229 11 2/2 2021-10-23 11:53:02 02:197:06:06:43
- 08: a2125d6674412a204e920be0ed42dbdca8f118fb9405be6001f8a6a9012cff94 02477344 11 1/2 2021-10-23 15:30:07 02:197:02:29:38
- 09: fdd4420d2dc77619e986953fd2e8c3207abfdf15c0f29ef13f96230d20a57028 02477421 11 1/2 2021-10-23 17:33:51 02:197:00:25:54
- 10: 248adfa0cf37bdf933a4e8e5d93bd0f7e7ee1e2dd9e63a90435c3847407780b7 02477440 11 1/2 2021-10-23 18:05:17 02:196:23:54:28
key image 06: 5d75639bca8e6c1af91478014abd1c25b86e5fb077c176ec48a8bdffa621766e amount: ?
ring members blk ring size in/out timestamp age [y:d:h:m:s]
- 00: fe28326069a21dcea7b455e228bfb14ae9b9022f2c4dfa22b501fa7f8c169513 02475172 11 1/2 2021-10-20 15:50:13 02:200:02:09:32
- 01: 625ee1b594f0d6927766a68b3f9a274fe085e38a615e6fc028621c0999cc5f9b 02475316 11 1/16 2021-10-20 20:00:31 02:199:21:59:14
- 02: 8cd6b9a269b153feb8445f74dd3b660e19a77e2ff0c3e3b311df248db6fc4468 02475655 11 1/2 2021-10-21 06:55:35 02:199:11:04:10
- 03: 4decd7391812a4180a25f758f294d466dfec2be0450613cbc434239f247fe7fb 02476623 11 2/2 2021-10-22 15:45:53 02:198:02:13:52
- 04: 7edfc3ba10211c7d405372e3a367bf7fc11064ecbd069710c0fd0776a1aa74d8 02476831 11 2/2 2021-10-22 22:16:02 02:197:19:43:43
- 05: 96d19e729faf6de7afa8c9f97613d7af03e6b3a409896400405933a0631fadfb 02476960 11 4/2 2021-10-23 02:05:33 02:197:15:54:12
- 06: 01bfdadcb60d5e211136b764ef41c53dc01cd692a9b3e96ef2fabbbe77781a55 02477128 11 1/16 2021-10-23 08:01:57 02:197:09:57:48
- 07: 49f037e19f4d42d9156ab4c5fcde51b70800f798043d3b24a4c3792b1de84086 02477132 11 1/16 2021-10-23 08:06:57 02:197:09:52:48
- 08: 817c982bfd621a2a8afe459bf9096dfbe2650802ed572c23ca16427f6fc816ae 02477366 11 2/2 2021-10-23 16:09:36 02:197:01:50:09
- 09: 505d5e612d1a6b7f4b886d067ac64df5c6e219626f3a922a7591d120b6df9110 02477407 11 1/2 2021-10-23 17:19:01 02:197:00:40:44
- 10: f380ac4180e926fef371f73f9d8e62f2da17385ec4993ac7dd703fa6446a1555 02477428 11 2/2 2021-10-23 17:44:33 02:197:00:15:12
key image 07: 32904fddafdbc9006bd81625f436d0cd492d18adbf238e74534bfc1796977f2d amount: ?
ring members blk ring size in/out timestamp age [y:d:h:m:s]
- 00: 3669cda3521e5f51e653dc63c3b683e63eda7182c42e83c2ad0336e9643a3648 02439429 11 1/2 2021-08-31 22:09:43 02:249:19:50:02
- 01: 0fa1d4f877b6e01d95b261060dbd09bbe3e1dfe70137054d6d8f07f0fd1e0f72 02459864 11 1/2 2021-09-29 08:35:36 02:221:09:24:09
- 02: a1831c3858f89ea000eaf8fcad983f992dccee763fbe985a41128db5adedd6a8 02466681 11 2/2 2021-10-08 20:12:23 02:211:21:47:22
- 03: 1f89b63801d720227eb6f5faa484ac4dc721a70d7bfc71a39f42f6813a3c7dc7 02475108 11 1/16 2021-10-20 13:40:34 02:200:04:19:11
- 04: f18ced5053784ac4f9b60698302d86395c34b8307bd26fcc6b0f1f6a323d264c 02475389 11 1/2 2021-10-20 22:30:34 02:199:19:29:11
- 05: 4421035ab09089d4ad5cefa33f159d9eafdeeca826ea75b66177613f547b65bc 02476157 11 2/2 2021-10-22 00:00:16 02:198:17:59:29
- 06: dd770f86cf311882d7f04a26626f75fcac37fda9183731440feb902c30f38ac0 02476879 11 1/2 2021-10-22 23:27:51 02:197:18:31:54
- 07: d1e893fefed32983d59cab7735aaa68a85e807e745167669b0fe807202c21881 02477283 11 1/2 2021-10-23 13:27:04 02:197:04:32:41
- 08: cf872aebdf3295c8e5665c1ed3aa201a4da0f3c7eaf00a6219083ecc57e0b762 02477364 11 1/2 2021-10-23 16:07:04 02:197:01:52:41
- 09: 86ffd7854f61c714fe17d831655bc845f22568115861cd015a3f06b5df612bfb 02477374 11 2/2 2021-10-23 16:18:24 02:197:01:41:21
- 10: 84d350e6b356a1ac92c7e58dd2754389d5c7b5cbf489b20c41721af525608353 02477416 11 2/2 2021-10-23 17:27:01 02:197:00:32:44
key image 08: 288c854e4800346a464f87202da944dc99da0c7c307e2ab4b30ffc8c36b8cf56 amount: ?
ring members blk ring size in/out timestamp age [y:d:h:m:s]
- 00: da2c97367eec9cfb53351fbdfe4a58a674d70e8faf355dd440ff7a9b0ae49bb7 02446067 11 2/16 2021-09-10 03:33:27 02:240:14:26:18
- 01: 0404322a272ceac4f756909d15d903aeda964460492d67182ef5fc7336176dcc 02472952 11 1/2 2021-10-17 13:46:44 02:203:04:13:01
- 02: 2214e752e2559d9f9a24851f2a72c03205c461de27b0e58212a9c12425910dac 02473890 11 2/2 2021-10-18 20:56:50 02:201:21:02:55
- 03: b772a0f2d4a828ca987f2f8544a668dcb90251b45e55fe5605f49b35a884a4c1 02476112 11 1/2 2021-10-21 22:30:45 02:198:19:29:00
- 04: a6bab777357ab8b0ba6b7c1b495508bc30dac3b6fc83703e09d1e3e2d710b3d1 02476880 11 1/16 2021-10-22 23:43:40 02:197:18:16:05
- 05: e30e310e4d0cb27ff15aadc0208e9c11f95c75f6d151f8f5f9f109830bbae359 02477179 11 1/16 2021-10-23 10:02:54 02:197:07:56:51
- 06: 82ca63ba9ec2ba9ab4bc418a2b8e6ba01cdc00429118ea4c8c8aef8035c054af 02477274 11 1/16 2021-10-23 13:13:17 02:197:04:46:28
- 07: dee978a08ead25b3d737cb0ae28cd2e5a151baf2861bc30a24eae212c1a00d69 02477362 11 2/2 2021-10-23 15:59:27 02:197:02:00:18
- 08: 0f9ee38a84df48a4cb8abb2eb93734fe704633aa159a1ffaf6e2b01a5fba38ab 02477416 11 2/2 2021-10-23 17:27:01 02:197:00:32:44
- 09: 23c3a3e65447b4fba929352ae8e1b0e24b48d3b547204c2a0fe55658feeed573 02477431 11 1/2 2021-10-23 17:48:08 02:197:00:11:37
- 10: 746a592b0aa95e3ddcce2244ff8bc3a1d00b6a61c8bead28a60ce650fe28934d 02477434 11 1/2 2021-10-23 17:52:56 02:197:00:06:49
More details
source code | explorer version (api): master-2024-03-03-26331e6 (1.2)